Signs and symptoms of breast cancer are few. They include:

• abnormality that shows up on a mammogram
• physical signs and symptoms at the level of the breast such as:
  • a breast lump
  • tenderness or breast pain (although not common as first symptom)
  • skin irritation or dimpling
  • nipple discharge, ulceration, or retraction 

Regular screening mammography is a particularly valuable tool because it can detect breast cancer at an early stage. Studies have shown that early detection increases treatment options and improves prognosis. It is recommended for women of a certain age (recommendation varies from province to province) to have regular screening mammographies and annual clinical breast examinations, as well as to perform monthly breast self-examinations. Younger women should have annual clinical breast examinations and should perform breast self-examinations monthly.

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